01
Keratoconus
Assessment of corneal steepening, monitoring for progression, and determining whether cross-linking or visual rehabilitation options are needed.
Cornea Clinic
Diagnosis & Follow-up Corneal Diseases
Evaluation and follow-up of corneal conditions such as keratoconus and recurrent corneal erosions, corneal neovascularization, opacities, inflammation, and ocular-surface disorders, with an individualized management plan for each case.
Corneal Mapping
Customized Treatment Plan
Detailed Follow-up
Multiple Corneal Conditions Under One Specialized Service
Corneal Disease Is Not a Single Condition
Symptoms, causes, and treatment vary. Management therefore begins with a detailed examination of the cornea, ocular surface, and vision.
02
Recurrent Corneal Erosions
Sudden episodes of pain, often on waking, caused by poor adhesion of the corneal surface layer.
03
Corneal Neovascularization
Assessment of the cause, activity, and effect of new vessels on corneal clarity and vision.
04
Corneal Opacities & Scars
Determining the location, depth, and visual impact of opacity, followed by discussion of appropriate treatment options.
05
Corneal Infections & Ulcers
Urgent evaluation of pain, redness, photophobia, and discharge, with treatment directed to the cause.
06
Corneal Dystrophies & Deposits
Monitoring corneal dystrophies and deposits and assessing their effect on vision and comfort.
Keratoconus Clinic
Keratoconus
Keratoconus causes corneal thinning and irregular steepening and may lead to irregular astigmatism, blur, ghost images, or frequent prescription changes. Follow-up therefore relies on corneal maps and thickness measurements compared over time.
Detect Progression Early
We compare previous maps and measurements to determine whether the condition is stable or progressing.
Corneal Cross-Linking When Needed
Cross-linking aims to slow or stop progression rather than restore the cornea completely to a normal shape.
Improve Visual Quality
Options may include glasses, rigid or scleral contact lenses, or other procedures depending on severity.
Corneal Transplantation for Advanced Cases
Considered when severe opacity or visual impairment cannot be improved with less invasive options.
Book a Keratoconus Assessment
Early assessment is especially important when the glasses prescription changes rapidly or there is a family history.
Precise Corneal Mapping & Longitudinal Follow-up
We look for true changes in corneal curvature and thickness before making treatment decisions.
Recurrent Corneal Erosions
Sudden Pain When Opening the Eye in the Morning?
The cause may be recurrent corneal erosion, in which the superficial epithelial layer separates because it does not adhere properly to the layer beneath. Episodes may recur on waking or when opening the eye, even without a new injury.
Book a Corneal Surface Assessment
The Problem Is Adhesion of the Surface Layer
The goal is not only to close the defect but to improve epithelial stability and reduce recurrence.
01
Previous Corneal Injury
Episodes can appear months or years after a corneal scratch from a fingernail, paper, or sharp object.
02
Basement Membrane Disorder
Some corneal disorders weaken the adhesion of superficial cells.
03
Dry Eye & Eyelid Disease
Dry eye and meibomian gland dysfunction may increase eyelid friction on the corneal surface and delay healing.
Stepwise Treatment Plan
We Start with the Least Invasive Approach and Escalate When Needed
Treatment depends on episode frequency, defect location, loose epithelium, and the condition of the ocular surface and dry eye.
1
Lubrication & Night Protection
Drops and ointment before sleep to reduce friction when opening the eye in the morning.
2
Bandage Contact Lens When Needed
Helps protect the epithelium and reduce pain while the corneal surface heals.
3
Treat Dry Eye & Eyelids
Improving the tear film and meibomian gland function may reduce recurrence.
4
Procedures for Recurrent Cases
Options may include removal of loose epithelium, basement membrane polishing, or PTK depending on the case.
When Is the Defect Persistent Rather Than Simply Recurrent?
If the corneal surface remains open and does not heal within the expected period, a persistent epithelial defect may be present and may require broader evaluation of corneal nerves, inflammation, infection, diabetes, medications, and the ocular surface.
Corneal Endothelial Disease
When the Cornea Loses Its Ability to Maintain Clarity
The corneal endothelium is the inner layer responsible for pumping excess fluid out of the cornea and maintaining clarity. When these cells weaken, as in Fuchs endothelial dystrophy or after certain surgeries, the cornea may swell and vision may become blurred, with glare and light sensitivity that may be more noticeable on waking.
Endothelial Cell Analysis
Evaluation of cell density, morphology, and ability to maintain corneal clarity.
Corneal Thickness Measurement
Helps detect swelling and monitor progression over time.
Planning Cataract Surgery
Endothelial reserve is considered before cataract surgery to reduce the risk of postoperative corneal swelling.
Endothelial Keratoplasty
DMEK or DSAEK may be appropriate when endothelial failure affects vision.
Treat Only the Damaged Layer When Possible
In many endothelial disorders, the thin posterior layers can be replaced while preserving the rest of the patient’s cornea.
Corneal Transplantation
We Select the Transplant Type According to the Affected Layer
Corneal transplantation is not one operation for every condition. In many patients only the damaged layer needs to be replaced, while healthy layers are preserved, allowing a more individualized surgical plan.
DMEK
DMEK
Replacement of the endothelial layer and thin posterior membrane in conditions such as Fuchs dystrophy or endothelial failure, while preserving most of the patient’s cornea.
DSAEK
DSAEK
Replacement of the endothelium together with a thin supporting stromal layer, selected in certain cases depending on ocular condition and previous surgery.
DALK
Deep Anterior Lamellar Keratoplasty (DALK)
Used for selected keratoconus and anterior scar cases while preserving the patient’s healthy endothelium.
PKP
Full-Thickness Corneal Transplant (PK)
Considered when disease or scarring involves the full corneal thickness or lamellar transplantation is not appropriate.
Customized Plan
Selection Based on Examination
We review disease location and depth, lens status, retina, eye pressure, and visual expectations before selecting the transplant type.
Detailed Follow-up
Care After Transplantation
Follow-up includes monitoring corneal clarity, eye pressure, wound healing, and response to postoperative treatment.
Corneal Neovascularization
We Treat the Cause Before Deciding How to Manage the Vessels
New vessel growth may be associated with inflammation, contact lenses, reduced oxygen, or previous injury. We assess vessel activity, depth, cause, and effect on corneal clarity before building the appropriate plan.
The Plan Depends on the Cause
Not all corneal vessels are managed the same way.
Assessment Journey
From Symptoms to a Clear Treatment Plan
01
Understand Symptoms
Identify the nature and timing of blur, pain, redness, and light sensitivity.
02
Corneal Examination
Assess the corneal surface, clarity, thickness, and shape when needed.
03
Identify the Cause
Relate examination findings to previous injury, contact lens use, and associated disease.
04
Plan & Follow-up
Select treatment and follow-up intervals and explain warning signs requiring earlier review.
When Do You Need Urgent Assessment?
Severe pain, marked redness, significant light sensitivity, discharge, direct injury, or a sudden drop in vision should prompt urgent eye assessment.
Every Cornea Needs a Plan Suited to Its Condition
Book an appointment for corneal assessment and discussion of follow-up or treatment options based on examination findings.